Blackjack is a card game played by one or more players against a dealer. The objective is to have a hand that totals closer to 21 than the dealer’s. Each player receives two cards and can choose to stand (stop drawing additional cards) or hit (request more cards). A player’s hand must be higher than 21 to win; otherwise it is a bust. If the player’s hand is a total of 21 or an Ace and a 10 it is called a blackjack, or “natural” and wins 3:2 the player’s initial bet.
The cards are dealt in clockwise order, beginning with the person to the dealer’s left. The dealer then flips a card from the top of the deck and slides it under the first. The exact dealing protocol varies from place to place. The players may buy insurance or surrender before the dealer checks their face up card for a blackjack. Insurance is a side bet that pays 2:1 if the dealer has a blackjack. It is generally considered a poor bet for the player who has no direct knowledge or estimation (e.g. through counting cards) of the dealer’s hole card.
During the course of a hand each player has the option to double his bet if he has a strong enough hand. Some casinos restrict the number of ten value cards that can be split, while others only allow splitting pairs of the same rank (two Jacks). Splitting is generally not allowed against the dealer’s blackjack and a resulting total of 21 will not count as a blackjack.
After the player has made his decision to either hit or stand he must wait for the dealer’s face up card before playing his hand. The dealer then deals two more cards to himself and to the player in the same order as the first. During this phase of the game the players can still double their bet or buy insurance, which pays 2:1 in the event that the dealer has a blackjack.
It is possible to improve the basic strategy rules by keeping track of the cards that have been dealt. The information can be used to identify situations where the dealer has a favorable advantage, and to increase the player’s betting size accordingly.
In the long run, blackjack is a game of mathematics. Statistical analysis of millions of hands shows that for every situation in which a player holds a hand of cards against the dealer’s, there is a particular play that will give the best chance of winning. This is known as basic strategy and it will maximize the player’s profit for every hand he plays.
The basics of blackjack are relatively easy to learn. However, the game can become extremely complex, especially when you are attempting to beat the dealer with a single hand. To master the game, a good understanding of the probability theory behind it is essential. In addition, you must also develop your observational skills in order to recognize hot and cold tables.
